By Nancy Ezzeddine, for The Clingendael Institute. Any opinions expressed are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of Iraq Business News.
Iraq's elections: greater fragmentation among the usual elite suspects
Iraq's 2025 parliamentary elections offered a clear look at how political authority in the country is shaped in practice.
While the vote determines the distribution of seats, the formation of a government hinges on the broader interplay between electoral strategizing, patronage networks and external actors with the ability to influence outcomes.
This brief explores what the November 2025 vote suggests about the deeper structures influencing Iraqi politics - in particular why fragmentation persists (and seems to increase), how post-election bargaining unfolds and what the ensuing dynamics may mean for the shape and limits of the next governing coalition.constituencies.
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