In this regard, Jumaili said that "those who committed the acts were infiltrators" and "probably IS" and not the government-aligned Population Mobilization Units.
A university professor from Fallujah told Al-Monitor that a major issue for residents who have not yet come back is that the families of those who joined IS are still not allowed to return. Many, he said, are in Turkey or Erbil, as they do not feel safe in Baghdad.
However, he added, negotiations are underway to enable them to return if they agree to publicly disown their family members who joined IS. The professor declined to respond to questions for greater detail of what this "reconciliation process" would entail.
Jumaili said Nov. 9 that security was optimal, noting that since the city had been retaken, "not a single bullet has been fired in clashes." He added that it was "the best security in 10 years."
Four days after, the two car bombs hit the city, raising the question whether Fallujah will become a safe city in the end.
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