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By Simon Watkins for OilPrice.com. Any opinions expressed are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of Iraq Business News.

Chevron, SLB Deals Signal US Return to Iraqi Oilfields

There are two distinct superpower strategies at play to capture the very heartland of the Middle East - Iraq.

On the one hand, China and Russia want to end the semi-independent status of Kurdistan in the north, have it rolled into the rest of Iraq as a regular province, and then expel all Western firms from the then-unified country.

On the other hand, the US and its allies want to bolster the independence of the Kurdistan region to act as leverage to extend their influence in the rest of Iraq to the south.

Click here to read the full report.

From the Atlantic Council:

The Atlantic Council announced that Victoria J. Taylor, former deputy assistant Secretary of State for Iraq and Iran, will be the new director of the Iraq Initiative within its Middle East Programs.

Taylor brings a distinguished background as a national security leader with over two decades of experience in the Middle East and Europe. A career member of the Senior Foreign Service, Taylor also served at US Department of State as the director for North African Affairs, as the deputy director for Western Europe, in the Office of Iranian Affairs, and on the Turkey Desk. She also served at the National Security Council as the director for Balkans, Caucasus, and Black Sea Affairs, and abroad as the deputy Chief of Mission at the US Embassy in Croatia, as well as in postings in Tunis, Tbilisi, Islamabad, and Lahore.

"At a moment of significant regional change, Iraq's security and economic development remain critical for regional stability and for advancing broader US interests in the Middle East," Taylor said. "I'm excited to join the Atlantic Council team and build on the Iraq Initiative's work to strengthen the US-Iraq partnership and help build a sovereign, secure, and prosperous Iraq."

As director of the Iraq Initiative, Taylor will lead the Council's work on Iraq, providing policy recommendations and analysis to US and regional policymakers and business leaders that advance Iraq's regional integration, stability, and democratic and economic development, as well as broaden Washington's understanding of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region and Iraq's minority communities.

"The Atlantic Council is well-positioned to shape the conversation around the future of a critical MENA country like Iraq and the future of bilateral relations between Washington and Baghdad," said William Wechsler, senior director of the Atlantic Council's Middle East Programs. "Under Taylor's leadership, we will be able to become one of the main conveners of policy discussions and producers of thought-leadership on Iraq in a time of important regional upheaval."

Taylor hails from Springfield, Missouri. She holds a bachelor's degree in international relations and diplomatic history from the University of Pennsylvania and a master's degree in development studies from the London School of Economics and Political Science. She speaks French, Mandarin, Russian, and Urdu.

By Alexander Miller, for Eurasia Business News. Any opinions expressed are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of Iraq Business News.

Russia eyes new oil deals in Iraq

Russia is actively expanding its oil interests in Iraq, capitalizing on opportunities created by Baghdad's need to modernize its hydrocarbon sector and boost crude exports.

In February, Moscow and Baghdad signed four major energy cooperation agreements and memorandums of understanding, signalling a significant escalation in bilateral energy ties.

Click here to read the full report.

By John Lee.

The eight OPEC+ countries, including Iraq, have reaffirmed their coordinated approach to oil market stability and announced a collective production adjustment for August 2025.

In a virtual meeting held on 5 July, the group cited healthy market fundamentals and a stable global economic outlook as the basis for a 548,000 barrels per day increase in production from July levels. This adjustment forms part of a phased rollback of the 2.2 million bpd voluntary cuts initially agreed in April and November 2023, and formally endorsed on 5 December 2024.

The phased increases will unfold over four monthly increments, but the group reserved the right to pause or reverse these measures depending on market developments - a move designed to maintain price and inventory stability.

The countries also committed to accelerating compensation for any overproduction since January 2024 and reiterated full compliance with the Declaration of Cooperation. Compliance and market conditions will be monitored through monthly meetings, with the next scheduled for 3 August 2025 to decide on September output levels.

Full statement from OPEC:

Saudi Arabia, Russia, Iraq, UAE, Kuwait, Kazakhstan, Algeria, and Oman reaffirm commitment to market stability on current healthy oil market fundamentals and steady global economic outlook and adjust production

The eight OPEC+ countries, which previously announced additional voluntary adjustments in April and November 2023, namely Saudi Arabia, Russia, Iraq, UAE, Kuwait, Kazakhstan, Algeria, and Oman met virtually on 5 July 2025, to review global market conditions and outlook.

In view of a steady global economic outlook and current healthy market fundamentals, as reflected in the low oil inventories, and in accordance with the decision agreed upon on 5 December 2024 to start a gradual and flexible return of the 2.2 million barrels per day voluntary adjustments starting from 1 April 2025, the eight participating countries will implement a production adjustment of 548 thousand barrels per day in August 2025 from July 2025 required production level. This is equivalent to four monthly increments as detailed in the table below. The gradual increases may be paused or reversed subject to evolving market conditions. This flexibility will allow the group to continue to support oil market stability.

The eight OPEC+ countries also noted that this measure will provide an opportunity for the participating countries to accelerate their compensation. The eight countries reiterated their collective commitment to achieve full conformity with the Declaration of Cooperation, including the additional voluntary production adjustments that were agreed to be monitored by the JMMC during its 53rd meeting held on April 3rd 2024.

They also confirmed their intention to fully compensate for any overproduced volume since January 2024. The eight OPEC+ countries will hold monthly meetings to review market conditions, conformity, and compensation. The eight countries will meet on 3 August 2025 to decide on September production levels.

(Source: OPEC Secretariat)

By John Lee.

The U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) has announced sanctions targeting networks involved in transporting and purchasing Iranian oil, including a group of companies led by Iraqi businessman Salim Ahmed Said.

The U.S. alleges that Said's network smuggled Iranian oil disguised as, or blended with, Iraqi oil, generating substantial profits while benefiting Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps-Qods Force (IRGC-QF), which is designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization.

Several vessels engaged in the covert delivery of Iranian oil were also sanctioned, as the U.S. continues to crack down on Iran's so-called "shadow fleet" of tankers. The actions aim to increase economic pressure on Tehran and disrupt its access to revenue that could fuel destabilising activities.

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent stated, "While Iran has had every opportunity to choose peace, its leaders have chosen extremism. Treasury will continue to target Tehran's revenue sources and intensify economic pressure."

The latest designations were made under Executive Orders 13902 and 13224, which target key sectors of the Iranian economy and entities supporting terrorism. The U.S. Department of State also announced sanctions on six entities and four vessels for significant transactions involving Iranian petroleum products, under Executive Order 13846.

More background on this story can be found here.

Full statement from the U.S. Department of the Treasury:

Treasury Targets Diverse Networks Facilitating Iranian Oil Trade

Today [3rd July 2025], the U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) is taking action against networks that have collectively transported and purchased billions of dollars' worth of Iranian oil, some of which has benefited Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps-Qods Force (IRGC-QF), a designated Foreign Terrorist Organization. Among the entities sanctioned today is a network of companies run by Iraqi businessman Salim Ahmed Said (Said) that has profited from smuggling Iranian oil disguised as, or blended with, Iraqi oil. Treasury is also sanctioning several vessels engaged in the covert delivery of Iranian oil, intensifying pressure on Iran's "shadow fleet."

"As President Trump has made clear, Iran's behavior has left it decimated.  While it has had every opportunity to choose peace, its leaders have chosen extremism," said Secretary of the Treasury Scott Bessent.  "Treasury will continue to target Tehran's revenue sources and intensify economic pressure to disrupt the regime's access to the financial resources that fuel its destabilizing activities."

Today's action is being taken pursuant to Executive Order (E.O.) 13902, which targets those operating in certain sectors of the Iranian economy, including Iran's petroleum and petrochemical sectors, as well as the counterterrorism authority E.O. 13224, as amended.  It marks the eighth round of sanctions targeting Iran's oil trade since the President issued National Security Presidential Memorandum 2, directing a campaign of maximum pressure on Iran.

Concurrently, the Department of State is designating six entities and identifying four vessels pursuant to E.O. 13846 for having knowingly engaged in a significant transaction for the purchase, acquisition, sale, transport, or marketing of petroleum or petroleum products from Iran.

IRAN-IRAQ OIL SMUGGLING NETWORK

Iraqi-British national Salim Ahmed Said (Said) runs a network of companies that have been selling Iranian oil falsely declared as Iraqi oil since at least 2020.  Said's companies use ship-to-ship transfers and other obfuscation techniques to hide their activities.  Said's companies and vessels blend Iranian oil with Iraqi oil, which is then sold to Western buyers via Iraq or the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as purely Iraqi oil using forged documentation to avoid sanctions.  This allows the oil to be sold on the legitimate market and helps Iran evade international sanctions on its oil exports.

Said has bribed many members of key Iraqi government bodies, including parliament.  He has reportedly paid millions of dollars in kickbacks to these officials in exchange for forged vouchers allowing him to sell Iranian oil as if it originated from Iraq.

Said is being designated pursuant to E.O. 13902 for operating in the petroleum sector of the Iranian economy.

Said controls UAE-based company VS Tankers FZE (VS Tankers), despite avoiding formal association with the company.  Formerly known as Al-Iraqia Shipping Services & Oil Trading FZE (AISSOT), VS Tankers has smuggled oil for the benefit of the Iranian government and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC).  For example, in 2020, AISSOT reportedly brokered a deal to transport Iranian oil via Iraqi pipelines to be blended and sold as Iraqi oil.

VS Tankers-affiliated ships have assisted Iranian oil exporters in blending Iranian oil with Iraqi to obscure the oil's origins by engaging in ship-to-ship transfers with vessels known to be affiliated with Iranian oil activities. VS Tankers currently claims several oil tankers as part of its fleet, one of which recorded four ship-to-ship transfers with the U.S. sanctioned, Barbados-flagged CASINOVA (IMO 9280366) in April 2024 while located in the Persian Gulf near the mouth of the Shatt al-Arab river, which marks the border between Iraq and Iran. VS Tankers has served as the operator, manager, and beneficial owner of the Marshall Islands-flagged crude oil tanker DIJILAH (IMO 9829629) since 2019.

VS Tankers is being designated pursuant to E.O. 13902 for operating in the petroleum sector of the Iranian economy.  DIJILAH is being identified pursuant to E.O. 13902 as property in which VS Tankers has an interest.

In 2023, Said expanded his business holdings to include VS Oil Terminal FZE (VS Oil), which, though registered in the UAE, has its physical presence in Khor al-Zubayr, Iraq.  VS Oil manages six oil storage tanks where Iranian oil is dropped off to be mixed with Iraqi oil.  Vessels carrying Iranian oil also conduct ship-to-ship transfers with vessels carrying Iraqi oil in the vicinity of VS Oil's terminal facilities, and the blended oil is ultimately authenticated by complicit Iraqi government officials.  Vessel tracking data shows that multiple oil tankers known to transport Iranian petroleum products on behalf of U.S.-sanctioned Iranian oil and petrochemical broker Triliance Petrochemical Co. Ltd. and Iranian military front company Sahara Thunder have visited VS Oil.  VS Oil employees smuggle hard currency into Iran via cars and trucks, some of which carry millions of dollars each, as payment for oil.

VS Oil is being designated pursuant to E.O. 13902 for operating in the petroleum sector of the Iranian economy.

Said also owns UAE-based VS Petroleum DMCC, formerly Ikon Petroleum DMCC, and Rhine Shipping DMCC (Rhine Shipping) which, in 2022, were implicated in blending Iranian oil to sell as Iraqi oil.  Rhine Shipping was also previously exposed as the manager of the U.S.-sanctioned oil tanker MOLECULE, formerly named BABEL, which loaded oil in the Persian Gulf from an Iranian tanker that had turned off its location transponder to obfuscate the transaction.  OFAC subsequently sanctioned the MOLECULE for its role in shipping Iranian oil as part of the network of Iran-backed Houthi financial official Sa'id al-Jamal.

Said also owns United Kingdom-based companies The Willett Hotel Limited and Robinbest Limited.

VS Petroleum DMCC, Rhine Shipping, The Willett Hotel Limited, and Robinbest Limited are being designated pursuant to E.O. 13902 for being owned or controlled by, directly or indirectly, Said.

Shadow fleet actors

Iran's shadow fleet enables the regime to transport its petroleum to generate revenue.  Iran relies on non-sanctioned vessels to conduct ship-to-ship transfers and receive Iranian oil from sanctioned vessels before shipping the Iranian-origin cargo to buyers in Asia.

The National Iranian Tanker Company (NITC) uses Singapore-based Trans Arctic Global Marine Services PTE. LTD. (Trans Arctic Global) to arrange piloting services for NITC vessels transiting through the Strait of Malacca.  Trans Arctic Global has enabled NITC to transport tens of millions of barrels of Iranian oil through the Strait of Malacca for eventual ship-to-ship transfers to vessels waiting in the Singapore Eastern Outer Port Limits.

Trans Arctic Global is being designated pursuant to E.O. 13902 for operating in the petroleum sector of the Iranian economy.

The Cameroon-flagged VIZURI (IMO 9197909), Comoros-flagged FOTIS (IMO 9306548), and Panama-flagged THEMIS (IMO 9264570) and BIANCA JOYSEL (IMO 9196632), have collectively shipped tens of millions of barrels of Iranian oil and other petroleum worth billions of dollars.

Since mid-2023, the VIZURI has completed multiple shipments of Iranian oil and transported millions of barrels of Iranian oil.  Panama-flagged liquified petroleum gas carrier (LPG) FOTIS has transported millions of barrels of Iranian LPG and other petroleum to multiple locations.  Panama-flagged THEMIS, which was sanctioned by the United Kingdom on May 9, 2025 for transporting Russian oil, has also transported Iranian oil.

Seychelles-based Egir Shipping Ltd, and Marshall Islands-based Fotis Lines Incorporated and Themis Limited are the respective owners of the VIZURI, FOTIS, and THEMIS.  Egir Shipping Limited, Fotis Lines Incorporated, and Themis Limited are being designated pursuant to E.O. 13902 for operating in the petroleum sector of the Iranian economy. VIZURI, FOTIS, and THEMIS are being identified as blocked property in which Egir Shipping Ltd, Fotis Lines Incorporated, and Themis Limited, respectively, have an interest.

Panama-flagged BIANCA JOYSEL has transported more than ten million barrels of Iranian oil since mid-2024, conducting ship-to-ship transfers with sanctioned vessels owned by the U.S.-designated NITC, including the AMOR and STARLA.

British Virgin Islands-based Betensh Global Investment Limited And Dong Dong Shipping Limited owns the BIANCA JOYSEL.  Betensh Global Investment Limited And Dong Dong Shipping Limited is being designated pursuant to E.O. 13902 for operating in the petroleum sector of the Iranian economy.  BIANCA JOYSEL is being identified as blocked property in which Betensh Global Investment Limited And Dong Dong Shipping Limited has an interest.

IRGC-QF oil Sales

The IRGC-QF has used the Al-Qatirji Company to facilitate oil sales to customers around the world, generating hundreds of millions of dollars of revenue for the IRGC-QF.  The Cameroon-flagged ELIZABET (IMO 9216717), which has impersonated a separate vessel, the S TINOS, loaded a cargo of Iranian oil off the coast of Malaysia in August 2024 via ship-to-ship transfer.  The cargo had originally been loaded at Kharg Island, Iran, by the ROMINA (IMO 9114608), a vessel previously identified for its role in transporting Iranian petroleum for the Al-Qatirji Company.  Seychelles-based White Sands Shipmanagement Corp. is the ship manager, operator, and technical manager of the ELIZABET.

The AI-Qatirji Company transported approximately two million barrels of Iranian oil on the Cameroon-flagged ATILA (IMO 9262754) in support of the U.S.-sanctioned Sa'id al-Jamal network.  The ATILA received the oil in a ship-to-ship transfer with the sanctioned vessel ARMAN 114. The Iranian oil carried by the ATILA was disguised as Malaysian oil.  Seychelles-based Grat Shipping Co Ltd is the manager, operator, and owner of the ATILA.  OFAC designated Sa'id al-Jamal pursuant to E.O. 13224, as amended, on June 10, 2021, for having materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services to or in support of, the IRGC-QF.

The Al-Qatirji Company has also used the Palauan-flagged GAS MARYAM (IMO 9108099) to transport Iranian petroleum products in support of the IRGC-QF.  Liberia-based Dima Shipping & Trading Company is the manager, operator, and owner of the GAS MARYAM.

White Sands Shipmanagement Corp, Grat Shipping Co Ltd, and Dima Shipping & Trading Company are being designated pursuant to E.O. 13224, as amended, for having materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services to or in support of the Al-Qatirji Company.  The ELIZABET is being identified as blocked property in which White Sands Shipmanagement Corp. has an interest, the ATILA as blocked property in which Grat Shipping Co Ltd has an interest, and the GAS MARYAM as blocked property in which Dima Shipping & Trading Company has an interest.

SANCTIONS IMPLICATIONS

As a result of today's action, all property and interests in property of the designated or blocked persons described above that are in the United States or in the possession or control of U.S. persons are blocked and must be reported to OFAC.  In addition, any entities that are owned, directly or indirectly, individually or in the aggregate, 50 percent or more by one or more blocked persons are also blocked. Unless authorized by a general or specific license issued by OFAC, or exempt, OFAC's regulations generally prohibit all transactions by U.S. persons or within (or transiting) the United States that involve any property or interests in property of blocked persons.

Violations of U.S. sanctions may result in the imposition of civil or criminal penalties on U.S. and foreign persons.  OFAC may impose civil penalties for sanctions violations on a strict liability basis.  OFAC's Economic Sanctions Enforcement Guidelines provide more information regarding OFAC's enforcement of U.S. economic sanctions.  In addition, financial institutions and other persons may risk exposure to sanctions for engaging in certain transactions or activities involving designated or otherwise blocked persons.  The prohibitions include the making of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services by, to, or for the benefit of any designated or blocked person, or the receipt of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services from any such person.

Furthermore, engaging in certain transactions involving the persons designated today may risk the imposition of secondary sanctions on participating foreign financial institutions.  OFAC can prohibit or impose strict conditions on opening or maintaining, in the United States, a correspondent account or a payable-through account of a foreign financial institution that knowingly conducts or facilitates any significant transaction on behalf of a person who is designated pursuant to the relevant authority.

The power and integrity of OFAC sanctions derive not only from OFAC's ability to designate and add persons to the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List (SDN List), but also from its willingness to remove persons from the SDN List consistent with the law.  The ultimate goal of sanctions is not to punish, but to bring about a positive change in behavior.  For information concerning the process for seeking removal from an OFAC list, including the SDN List, or to submit a request, please refer to OFAC's guidance on Filing a Petition for Removal from an OFAC List.

Click here for more information on the persons designated and any property identified as blocked today.

(Source: U.S. Department of the Treasury)

By John Lee.

Iraq's Minister of Oil, Hayan Abdul Ghani, held talks in Baghdad on Wednesday with Russian Ambassador Elbrus Kutrashev and a delegation from Russian energy giant Lukoil.

The meeting focused on strengthening cooperation between Iraq and Russia in the oil, gas, and energy sectors.

Also in attendance were Bassem Mohammed Khudair, Undersecretary for Extraction Affairs, and Bassem Tahir, Director General of the Petroleum Contracts and Licensing Directorate (PCLD) at the Ministry of Oil.

(Source: Ministry of Oil)

By John Lee.

The Iraqi Council of Ministers has authorised the Chairman of the Iraqi Atomic Energy Commission to negotiate and sign a draft cooperation agreement with the Russian Federation.

The agreement will focus on the peaceful use of nuclear energy, in line with Iraq's constitutional provisions. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has been tasked with preparing the necessary documentation for final approval by Prime Minister Mohammed S. Al-Sudani.

This step marks an expansion of Iraq's international partnerships in science and energy, and aims to advance the country's capabilities in nuclear technology for civil applications.

(Source: PMO)

By John Lee.

Russia's Gazprom and its consortium partners have signed the first amendment to the service contract for the Badra oilfield with Iraq's Midland Oil Company (MdOC).

The signing ceremony, held on Thursday, was attended by Bassem Mohammed Khudair, Deputy Minister for Upstream Affairs; Russian Ambassador Elbrus Kutrashev; the Director General of Dhi Qar Oil Company (DQOC); the Director General of the Petroleum Contracts and Licensing Directorate (PCLD); the Director General of the Reservoirs and Field Development Directorate; and the Deputy Director General of the Technical Directorate.

Khudair affirmed the Ministry's commitment to supporting production continuity in Iraq's oilfields and to facilitating the work of international oil companies operating in the country.

Mohammed Yassin, Director General of Midland Oil Company, said that the company is working with the contractor to boost production rates within the remaining term of the contract to enhance state revenues.

According to a statement from the Ministry, the amended contract includes provisions on gas production and expected financial returns for the remaining life of the project, but no details were provided.

(Source: Ministry of Oil)

By John Lee.

Eight key members of the OPEC+ alliance, including Iraq, have agreed to increase production starting in May 2025, citing healthier global market fundamentals and a positive outlook.

At a virtual meeting held on 3 April 2025, the countries reviewed market conditions and confirmed they would implement a 411,000 barrels per day (bpd) production increase in May. This figure comprises three scheduled monthly increments, including the one originally planned for May, and is part of the gradual reversal of the 2.2 million bpd voluntary cuts announced in April and November 2023.

In a statement, OPEC said this adjustment aligns with the decision made on 5 December 2024, reaffirmed on 3 March 2025, to return production gradually and flexibly. The group reiterated that these increases could be paused or reversed depending on evolving market dynamics.

Full statement from OPEC:

Saudi Arabia, Russia, Iraq, UAE, Kuwait, Kazakhstan, Algeria, and Oman reaffirm commitment to market stability on healthier oil market outlook and adjust production upward

The eight OPEC+ countries, which previously announced additional voluntary adjustments in April and November 2023, namely Saudi Arabia, Russia, Iraq, UAE, Kuwait, Kazakhstan, Algeria, and Oman met virtually on 3 April 2025, to review global market conditions and outlook.

In view of the continuing healthy market fundamentals and the positive market outlook, and in accordance with the decision agreed upon on 5 December 2024, subsequently reaffirmed on 3 March 2025, to start a gradual and flexible return of the 2.2 million barrels per day voluntary adjustments starting from 1 April 2025, the eight participating countries will implement a production adjustment of 411 thousand barrels per day, equivalent to three monthly increments, in May 2025, as detailed in the table below. This comprises the increment originally planned for May in addition to two monthly increments. The gradual increases may be paused or reversed subject to evolving market conditions. This flexibility will allow the group to continue to support oil market stability. The eight OPEC+ countries also noted that this measure will provide an opportunity for the participating countries to accelerate their compensation.

The eight countries reaffirmed their commitment to the voluntary production adjustments agreed at the 53rd JMMC meeting on 3 April 2024. They also confirmed their intention to fully compensate any overproduced volume since January 2024 and to submit updated front-loaded compensation plans to the OPEC Secretariat by 15 April 2025 which will be posted on the Secretariat's website.

The eight OPEC+ countries will hold monthly meetings to review market conditions, conformity, and compensation. The eight countries will meet on the 5th of May to decide on June production levels.

(Source: OPEC Secretariat)

By John Lee.

Iraq's Federal Integrity Commission and Russia's Prosecutor General's Office have begun implementing their Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on anti-corruption cooperation, focusing on asset recovery and international legal assistance.

During a meeting with a Russian delegation, Dr. Mohammed Ali Al-Lami, Head of the Integrity Commission, emphasized the need to modernize anti-corruption mechanisms to counter evolving methods of financial misconduct. He also called on signatories of the UN Convention Against Corruption to fulfill their commitments on legal cooperation, asset recovery, and extradition, highlighting banking secrecy and legal system differences as key challenges.

Discussions covered judicial investigations, evidence sharing, and financial transparency, while Russian experts stressed the importance of bilateral and multilateral partnerships to coordinate efforts at international forums. Both sides explored the twinning of Iraq's Anti-Corruption Academy with Russia's Prosecutor General's University to facilitate training, research, and academic exchanges.

Workshops also addressed national coordination committees for anti-corruption enforcement and joint legal measures to track and recover illicit funds.

Iraq ranks joint 140th out of 180 countries in Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI), while Russia ranks joint 154th.

(Source: Federal Integrity Commission)